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...shape of the [[Dendrite#Dendritic_Arbor|dendritic arbor]]. Two main roles for starburst amacrine cell have been characterized. SACs are (1) important in
The asymmetric GABA connections are essential for the computation of direction selectivity. If you block the GABA channels in
28 KB (4,401 words) - 04:05, 20 July 2019
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...e side of the soma. Asymmetry of the dendritic arbor is an unusual feature for a [[Ganglion Cell|retinal ganglion cell]] because most of the dendrites of
...surround (and related asymmetric light response), the preferred direction for movement of a spot of light, and the space-time slant within the receptive
15 KB (2,410 words) - 04:08, 20 July 2019
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...., 2010). Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the cells that are responsible for transferring information from the eye to the brain. These cells come in a r
...amed as such because there is not yet an accepted classification or scheme for the nomenclature of RGC subtypes. Studies conducted using W3 mice have been
8 KB (1,263 words) - 03:37, 24 June 2016
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...inhibition from the peripheral region of the receptive field is necessary for orientation selectivity<ref name="Bloomfield"></ref>
...oxin and strychnine on rabbit retinal ganglion cells: lateral interactions for cells with more complex receptive fields. J Physiol, 276: 277-298. http://j
16 KB (2,403 words) - 16:11, 17 November 2015
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...tion. The average diameter of [[Dendrite#Dentritic_Arbor|dendritic field]] for each type varies over 34 to 400 microns, and their overall shapes alone are
...l|bipolar cell]], and generally has a particular type of neurotransmitter. For example, one such population, AII, 'piggybacks' rod bipolar cells onto the
14 KB (2,076 words) - 04:05, 20 July 2019
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...Wire is based on the images that were acquired at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg, Germany. This dataset, known as E2198, was
...l|SAC]] dendrites with the opposite preferred direction, which is evidence for specificity of connections. In principle, a DSGC could indiscriminately rec
6 KB (998 words) - 18:26, 14 June 2016
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...As described above, there are four cell subtypes, each with own preference for direction. Each subtype of ON/OFF DSGCs has differences in dendritic patte
...rom SACs. The motion detection result is fed to higher parts of the brain for further processing.
9 KB (1,350 words) - 03:55, 20 July 2019
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Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the cells that are responsible for transferring information from the eye to the brain. These cells come with d
...s at least) then passes information to the next relay station in the brain for sorting and integrating into further information processing channels.
11 KB (1,636 words) - 04:07, 20 July 2019
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...n a water trough which allows the sample to float in order to be collected for later microscopy.
The device was hand-cranked, and advanced a sample for cutting with a metal blade.<ref name="Hill_1770">Hill, John (1770). [http:/
3 KB (419 words) - 11:59, 2 September 2022
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...n. <i>j</i> is the index of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. For a linear neuron, the activation function is not present (or simply the iden
<em>C</em> is the correlation matrix for [[File:Hebb10.png]], provided that [[File:Hebb10.png]] has mean zero and va
3 KB (481 words) - 03:15, 24 June 2016
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...j</em> is the index of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. For a linear neuron, the activation function is not present (or simply the iden
...n, approximated by a Taylor series with terms of [[File:Oja2.png]] ignored for n>1 since η is small.
2 KB (242 words) - 03:23, 24 June 2016
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...n. <i>j</i> is the index of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. For a linear neuron, the activation function is not present (or simply the iden
...Rather than the entire set, there may only be ''subsets'' of the input set for which principal components analysis over each subset makes sense. This insi
3 KB (411 words) - 03:28, 24 June 2016
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...n. <i>j</i> is the index of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. For a linear neuron, the activation function is not present (or simply the iden
Substituting back into the equation for [[File:Sanger2.png]] and doing some rearrangement, we get:
5 KB (764 words) - 03:08, 24 June 2016
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...of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. The activation function for feedforward backpropagation is sigmoidal.]]
...on index and <em>j</em> being the output neuron index), then the equations for the network are as follows:
4 KB (665 words) - 03:14, 24 June 2016
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..., the lowest concentration of rods, and much smaller receptive field sizes for all cells.
...an focus better on faces and thus better read human emotions were selected for in breeding certain pet dog "species" and this is why they have "lost" the
3 KB (499 words) - 04:38, 20 July 2019
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...1987 by Luis B. Almeida<ref>Almeida, Luis B. (June 1987). "A learning rule for asynchronous perceptrons with feedback in a combinatorial environment." <em
...of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. The activation function for backpropagation is sigmoidal. [https://www.researchgate.net/figure/A-back-p
5 KB (751 words) - 02:44, 20 July 2019
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...of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. The activation function for backpropagation is sigmoidal.]]
...ets settle to some equilibrium state. Initially set [[File:CHL5.png]] to 0 for all non-input and non-output neurons.
7 KB (1,144 words) - 03:10, 24 June 2016
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...features of the input set which can then be used to reconstruct the input. For example, if the input consists of a 10x10 square array of binary pixels --
...ith neural networks"].<em>Science</em> <strong>313</strong>: 504-507</ref> For example, the set of 25-dimensional feature vectors in the example above mig
3 KB (465 words) - 03:02, 24 June 2016
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...n. <i>j</i> is the index of the neuron when there is more than one neuron. For the RBM, the activation function is logistic, and the activation is actuall
...) [http://lib.tkk.fi/Dipl/2011/urn100427.pdf "Improved Learning Algorithms for Restricted Boltzmann Machines"]. Aalto University.
3 KB (501 words) - 03:24, 24 June 2016
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...houghts are generated and where signals from the rest of the body are sent for processing. In order to understand the brain, we must go beyond the surface
...has been called the “final frontier,” the terminal goal in our search for universal knowledge. Yet we can more easily perceive the stars at the farth
7 KB (1,208 words) - 03:20, 24 June 2016
